Page 84 - Abhivruddhi

for construction of roads and paver blocks for pavements.
Proper planning for disposal of medicinal waste is also important. A
sustainable ecosystem or waste management park where all different kinds
of waste disposal/recycling can be brought together is actually the way
forward.
Large tracts of land can be reclaimed if the bio-remediation/bio-
recycling of legacy waste dump sites is scientifically planned. Segregated
house-to-house collection of garbage ensures that there is no new garbage
dump-site formation. Biodegradable waste is segregated and converted into
manure or gas through OWCs. The non-biodegradable waste is recycled in
the Material Recycling Facilities (MRFs). (Singh R,2022)
Proper waste management is important to reduce expenditure on
health-care expenditure and keeping the natural resources of the city clean
for sustainable economic growth.

Infrastructure
Proper roads lead to quicker commutation and reduced traffic jams and
accidents. This has a huge impact on economic growth. House to house
connection of potable water, reduces dependency on municipal taps and
large scale waste of time and labour in water collection. The time freed-up
can be used for economic activity. A clean and trust-worthy water supply
reduces out-of-pocket expenditure on health-care.
Proper lighting facilities (especially energy efficient LEDs and solar
lights) reduce crime in sensitive areas. This promotes economic activity.
Reliable public transportation with last-mile connectivity reduces
dependency of private vehicles leading to personal savings and de-clogging
of the city. This paves the way for growth of business.

Environment
Many cities have become smoke chambers due to limited attention given
to the deteriorating air quality due to pollution. Strict check on unclean
fuel burning in road-side eateries, garbage/stubble burning, garbage fires
of trenching ground, road dust, drainage silt dust etc. will go a long way
in reducing the healthcare expenditure of the people thereby freeing-up
space for economic activity.

Benchmarking Urban Planning Activity
The city-planning process of Indian cities can learn from countries
like the United States of America (USA). The planning process in these
countries is more federal than India. The entire city administration and
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