Page 95 - IMDR Journal 2025

Research Article
economies as also in emerging economies like India. Studies by PwC (2017) and KPMG (2019) suggest that
Wherever the convergences of technology, finance, and banks are increasingly using digital platforms for
trade occur, it's imperative to study the dynamics, onboarding customers, compliance, and cross-border
opportunities, and challenges involved in deep payments. However, infrastructure issues and regulatory
technologies. The aim of this study is to examine these barriers in emerging markets persist (World Bank, 2020).
aspects and explore how India and the global economy can
Blockchain's Role in Trade Finance and Settlement Systems
use deep technologies of innovation to build more resilient,
Blockchain is revolutionizing trade finance by offering
efficient, and inclusive financial and trade ecosystems.
transaction records that are secure, transparent, and
immutable. Initiatives such as “we.trade” and Marco Polo
PROBLEM STATEMENT showcase blockchain's ability to facilitate easier trade
documentation and settlement (Tapscott & Tapscott, 2016;
Despite ongoing progress in digital finance and trade Ganne, 2018). In India, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and
logistics, traditional systems in India and across the globe key banks have experimented with blockchain for KYC and
still struggle with inefficiencies, such as manual paperwork, trade settlements (EY, 2020). Academic work by Chen et al.
fraud risks, delays in settlements, and lack of transparency. (2019) and Saberi et al. (2019) outline how distributed
While deep technologies promise to resolve many of these ledger technology (DLT) reduces fraud, enhances visibility,
issues, their full potential remains underutilized owing to and eliminates redundant intermediaries in supply chains.
adoption barriers, regulatory challenges, and limited
awareness. This research examines how these technologies AI’s Role in Financial Forecasting and Fraud Detection
are revolutionizing financial markets and commerce, AI has revolutionized fraud detection and financial
identifying bottlenecks and future consequences for their modeling. Machine learning (ML) models can detect
wider use. anomalous patterns in a large number of transactions in real
RESEARCH QUESTIONS time (Ngai et al., 2011; West & Bhattacharya,
2016).Companies like PayPal and Mastercard use artificial
Primary Question:
intelligence tools to rapidly identify potentially fraudulent
How is deep technology transforming the financial markets activities (Zhou et al., 2018). In financial prediction, AI
and global trade operations? models forecast market behavior, customer tendencies, and
Sub-Questions: credit risk with improved accuracy (Baldominos et al., 2020;
Gu et al., 2020). Although the benefits are significant,
● What are the key technologies that affect these sectors?
concerns such as data bias, compliance, and explainability
● What are the major benefits and challenges associated remain (OECD, 2021).
with adopting these technologies?
IoT and Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Visibility
● How do deep technologies enhance transparency, speed
and security? Monitoring real-time supply chain efficiency requires a
combination of IoT and big data analytics (Wamba et al.,
● What is the potential long-term effect on regulatory 2015). Sensors and GPS-based devices enable real-time
frameworks and market structures? tracking, while analytics platforms anticipate disruptions
and optimize routes (Lee & Lee, 2015). In international
trade, IoT provides end-to-end visibility, particularly in
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
perishable and high-value commodities markets. Indian
● Identify and explain key deep technologies relevant to logistics companies are increasingly adopting IoT for
finance and trade. warehouse and fleet management (Kamble et al., 2020). Big
● This study examines the impact of these technologies on data is also facilitating predictive maintenance and demand
financial market efficiency and global trade. forecasting (McKinsey, 2018; Raj et al., 2021).
● To assess adoption trends, challenges, and barriers. Gaps in Existing Research
● To provide a future outlook and policy recommendations. Despite significant advances, the current literature often
fails to provide an integrated framework connecting string
deep tech innovations across different financial and trading
LITERATURE REVIEW ecosystems. Many studies focus primarily on individual
technologies like blockchain, AI, or IoT, without
Earlier Research on Digital Transformation in Trade and
investigating integrated frameworks (Schwab, 2017).
Finance
Furthermore, empirical studies in emerging economies such
Digital transformation has significantly reshaped global as India are scattered and tend to lag behind applications
finance and trade by simplifying procedures, improving (Patel & Patel, 2020). Questions concerning the ethical
transaction visibility, and enabling real-time processing. aspects of AI, blockchain regulatory regimes, and IoT data
Previous research highlighted the efforts of digitization in privacy, require further investigation. More policy-related
smoothing trade barriers and enhancing efficiency and interdisciplinary research is necessary to bridge these
(Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2014; Manyika et al., 2016). gaps (World Economic Forum 2020).
Initiatives like Digital India and the growth of fintech have
boosted digital payment adoption and promoted financial
accessibility in India (Arner et al., 2016; Ghosh, 2020).

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