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2. Chhanda (Meter)
           Chhanda,  also known as Chandas, is the Vedanga dedicated  to  the meter and
          rhythm of Vedic hymns. It ensures the proper recitation and preservation of the Vedas
          by establishing specific rhythmic patterns and syllabic structures for each verse.
           Vedic meters are based on two main principles: the number of syllables per verse
          (pada) and the syllable weight (gana). The different types of meters include Gayatri,
          Jagrati, Tristubh, Anustubh, Brhati, Usnih, and Pañkti, each with its unique structure
          and significance.



           3. Vyakarana (Grammar)
           Vyakarana,  or  grammar,  is the  Vedanga  that  explains the  structure  and  rules of
          the Sanskrit language.  The philosophy of language  developed by  the schools of
          Vyakarana and Mimamsa stems from suggestions found in the Vedas. The divine
          nature of speech, the creative and illuminative power of the word, and the different
          levels of speech are central doctrines in Bharatiya (Indian) shastras.
           Vyakarana, along with Shiksha and Nirukta, is directly connected with the Vedas.
          The major contributors to the study of Vyakarana have developed numerous theories
          about  language understanding. Vyakarana deals not only with linguistic  analysis
          to establish the exact form of words but  also with the correct use of language in
          expressing ideas.


           4. Nirukta (Etymology)
           Nirukta, one of the six ancient Vedangas, is the study of etymology and the correct
          interpretation of Sanskrit words in the Vedas. Nirukta involves the systematic creation of
          a glossary and the understanding of archaic, uncommon words. The most celebrated
          scholar of this field is Yaska, who wrote the Nighantu, the first text on Nirukta.
           Nirukta is closely  related to Vyakarana but  focuses  on linguistic  analysis  to help
          establish the proper meaning of words, given the context in which they are used. The
          study of Nirukta was essential for interpreting the Vedic texts, which often contained
          words that appeared only once.



           5. Jyotisha (Astronomy/Astrology)
           Jyotisha is the Vedanga  that  explores topics related to  celestial  bodies and  their
          movements. It was originally developed to determine suitable times for performing
          various Vedic rituals. The  text  Vedanga  Jyotisha by  Lagadha  provides essential
          astronomical knowledge for the day-to-day life of the people of ancient Bharat.

           Although Jyotisha is often associated with astrology in modern times, in the context
          of the Vedangas, it is primarily concerned with astronomy, including mathematics.



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